fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry','banana', 'peach', 'pear','peach', 'cherry' ]
d = {item:fruits.count(item) for item in fruits}

fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry','banana', 'peach', 'pear','peach', 'cherry' ]
d = {}
fruits_set = set(fruits)
for item in fruits_set:
    d[item] = 0
    for i in range(len(fruits)):
        if item == fruits[i]:
            d[item] += 1

fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry','banana', 'peach', 'pear','peach', 'cherry' ]
d = {}
for item in fruits:
    d[item] = d.get(item, 0) + 1